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🎖474 🧩 Fondasi logika hanya satu, konsistensi kebergantungan, dan kebergantungan menegaskan hirarki & hirarki terlihat melalu hubungan sebab-akibat, itu sebabnya sistem menalar yg mengadopsi konsep ini, maka telah memadai sebagai sistem menalar
🧩 The logical foundation is singular: the consistency of dependency. Dependency confirms hierarchy, which is evident through cause-and-effect relationships. This is why a reasoning system that adopts this concept is considered adequate, as all its logical parameters are based on cause-and-effect relationships that confirm dependency.
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🎖475 🧩 Jika sistem menalar tidak mengadopsi konsep kebergantungan, maka dapat terjebak melibatkan premis yang benar namun kesimpulan yang salah. Itu karena benarnya bersifat subyektif tanpa menyadari fakta hubungan sebab-akibat yang sebenarnya
🧩 If a reasoning system does not adopt the concept of dependency, it might fall into the trap of involving correct premises but incorrect conclusions. This is because the correctness is subjective without acknowledging the actual cause-and-effect relationships.
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🎖476 🧩 Mengapa bisa terjadi pada logika klasik, semua premisnya benar, tetapi kesimpulan salah? Itu karena kalaupun secara fakta, premisnya berdasarkan hubungan sebab-akibat, namun hubungan antara premis dengan kesimpulannya tidak memiliki kejelasan hubungan sebab-akibat, sehingga bisa terjadi benar adanya hubungan sebab-akibat di setiap premis, namun belum tentu benar hubungan sebab-akibat di antara premis dan kesimpulan.
🧩 Why can classical logic lead to all its premises being true but the conclusion being false? This is because even if the premises are based on cause-and-effect relationships, the relationship between the premises and conclusion lacks clarity, allowing for the presence of cause-and-effect relationships within each premise, but not necessarily between the premises and conclusion
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🎖477 🧩 Logika klasik cenderung mengabaikan faktor-faktor kontekstual yang mungkin mempengaruhi hubungan antara premis dan kesimpulan.
🧩 Classical logic tends to overlook contextual factors that might influence the relationship between premises and conclusions.
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🎖478 🧩 Tujuan logika adalah untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan sebab-akibat dengan tepat. Kalau salah satu (atau lebih) dari premis yang digunakan dalam argumen tidak memiliki hubungan tersebut, maka kesimpulan yang dihasilkan juga akan salah.
🧩 The purpose of logic is to accurately describe cause-and-effect relationships. If one or more of the premises used in the argument lack this relationship, then the resulting conclusion will also be incorrect.
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🎖479 🧩 Itu sebabnya di logika klasik, dari dua premis yang benar, bisa memberi kesimpulan yang salah, karena kesimpulannya dilakukan mengikuti rumusan dengan mengabaikan hubungan sebab-akibat di antara premis & kesimpulan
🧩 That's why in classical logic, from two true premises, an incorrect conclusion can be drawn because the conclusion is made based on the formulation, disregarding the cause-and-effect relationships in between premises & conclusion
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🎖480 🧩 Di satu sisi logika klasik menegaskan bahwa selama premis benar, maka kesimpulan benar, namun melupakan bahwa kesimpulannya ternyata tidak menguji hubungan sebab-akibatnya terhadap premisnya, sehingga di titik ini bisa terjadi kesalahan pengambilan kesimpulan
📌 Contoh:
🧿 Premis 1: Jarak terpendek di antara dua titik = garis lurus
🧿 Premis 2: Melintasi dua lembah adalah jarak terpendek di antara dua titik (lembah)
👉 Kesimpulan (yang salah): Melintasi dua lembah membentuk garis lurus
✅ Karena kenyataannya garis melengkung (bukit)
- 〰 Hubungan sebab-akibat antar premis dengan kesimpulannya, tak diperhitungkan, bahwa "Melintasi dua lembah" tidak memiliki hubungan sebab-akibat yg mengharuskan "terbentuknya garis lurus"
🧩 On one hand, classical logic asserts that as long as the premises are true, the conclusion is true. However, it overlooks that the conclusion itself doesn’t actually test its own cause-and-effect relationships to the premises, leading to errors in drawing conclusions.
📌 Example:
🧿 Premise 1: The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.
🧿 Premise 2: Crossing two valleys is the shortest distance between two points (valleys).
👉 Incorrect conclusion: Crossing two valleys forms a straight line.
✅ Because in reality, the line is curved (hills).
- 〰 The cause-and-effect relationship between the premises and conclusion is not taken into account, as "Crossing two valleys" does not have a cause-and-effect relationship that necessitates the "formation of a straight line.
